Smart phones Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 1

Smart phones - Research Paper Example enhancements in technical specifications such as battery life screen size, storage ability, and connectivity of broadband increases the sustainability of smart phones (Berkman, 2012). Cell phones history is both interesting and mysterious. The beginning of cell phones, just as the computers, was with humungous cell phones which first diminished in size from small to smaller to smallest as the years passed by. The pioneer of screen resolution focused was iPhone as it marked the beginning of growth of size of cell phones again. Mobile revolution started in 1973 when Martin Cooper first invented the cell phone. At that time, this cell phone was a colossal machine which was capable of making and receiving calls. The History of smart phones is a lengthy one. It al first began in 1946 when AT&T fist established the first ever mobile phone network. June 17. 1946 was the first time a truck driver made the first ever cell phone call (Berkman, 2012). With improvements in technology and mass media in the entire world, mobile phones were also positively affected by these activities. They also went through a process of innovation and development where their electronic functions abilities enhanced, better functionality of antennas, and other features allowed them to travel forward to this new dimension of the smart phone world (Zheng, 2006). Smart phone concept was then institutionalized in 1974 when Theodore George Paraskevakos patented the fundamental concept of smart phone. The paperwork was filed in U.S Patent office in 1972 for the mechanism for making and transferring digital information. Subsequently, IBM followed the suet and combined the PDA making the Simon personal Communicator and cell phone in 1994 with combination of text messaging, emailing, and faxing. Additionally making calls was added to this list. This device was sold for $1099 but again only for $899 if a two year contract was signed up by the retailer (Berkman, 2012). This decade that is called the 90s

HW Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 8

HW - Essay Example C. The descriptive statistic can be obtained using the corresponding option in Excel Data Toolkit (Anderson, Sweeney, Williams, Camm, and Cochrane, 2015). The results are given in the table below. The mean and the median are close to each other, and the skewness is not significant. The stem and leaf diagram shows that the largest number of results is between 2700 and 2800, which is close to the mean value. The data distribution is close to normal with left skewness. D. To develop the table of frequencies the number of classes and class range has to be defined. The number of classes can be defined as a square root of the number of measurements. As N = 41, the number of classes will be 6.4, which is rounded to 7. The class width is found dividing range by the number of classes. Thus, the class range is 2514,643/7 = 359,23 (rounded to 359). The class midpoint is found as the sum of upper and lower boundaries of the class divided by 2. Relative frequency is obtained dividing frequency on the total number of measurements. Cumulative relative frequency is defined as a sum of frequencies for the data smaller than upper boundary of the class (Mendenhall, Beaver, and Beaver, 2013). E. 1. The histogram is built in the coordinates of class midpoint – frequency. The histogram supports the statement that the data distribution is left-skewed. The histogram also confirms that the range between 2700 and 2800 contains the largest number of measurements. 2. Ogive can be built in coordinates cumulaive (or cumulative relative) frequency – upper class bouunbary (Mendenhall, Beaver, and Beaver, 2013). The ogive shows that the small number of data is located in the range between 3500 and 4500. This also supports the statement about left skewness of the data. The highest increase of the frequency is in the range

Exploring Ancient Mysteries Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Exploring Ancient Mysteries - Assignment Example This is referred to as the theory of Tafla (Lacovara, 2004). The characteristics of Tafla to a significant extent make the Tafla Theory logical. Without the intervention of machinery, the pyramids could have been built using the clay which is slippery when wet and relatively very strong when dry (Lacovara, 2004). The theory suggests that Tafla could have been used to move two ton blocks with ease. Thus, in the construction of the pyramids, a huge crew could have managed to move two ton blocks up the side of pyramids made of Tafla ramp. It could be easy to shape the corners of the pyramids by swinging a pole placed at each corner of the pyramids. Alternatively, due to the massiveness of the pyramids, they may have been built founded on four ramps originating from each corner of the pyramids (Lacovara, 2004). In a lesser scale, the NOVA experiment has been used to display the construction of the pyramids with regard to the Tafla theory (Lacovara, 2004). Another account regarding the mystery of the erection of the pyramids at Giza is by a Greek historian, Herodotus. Herodotus says that the construction of such massive monuments required a profoundly large crew to provide labour (Petrie, 2003). Cheops and Chephren, with their great oppression to their subjects, managed to the labor providers using power. The financing of the labour and all the other requirements of the completion of the construction of the pyramids also came from their subjects. Since ruling was hereditary in Egypt, oppression of subjects probably never changed from Cheops regime to Chephren’s. One hundred thousand laborers worked in either the eastern or the Arabian Desert as well as ferried the stones mined to the western side for three months at a time (Petrie, 2003). Beside this activity, there was also the construction of the cause way and the subterranean chambers in the preparation for the actual construction of the pyramid

Greatness of Los Angles Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Greatness of Los Angles - Essay Example The sun in LA is mostly blanketed by the fog. Sometimes, when the sunlight manages to make its way through the mist, the sand changes its color from grey to a pale shade of purplish pink. Shadows begin to squeeze short. As soon as the humidity increases, the brightness increases more than necessary. The sunlight falls on particles between me and the distant mountains. Millions of tiny prisms of fog droplets create a mirror like effect and reflect and refract the sunlight in every direction. The mess of bounced beams of light crowds the atmosphere until the brightness gets so intense that it causes a blinding effect. Mountains merge into the background, until they become completely unidentifiable from other features of the scenery. Cinematographers spend millions of dollars to create an effect like that artificially. All of that money can be saved by shooting in LA. In this way, LA not only enriches the movie with natural light effects, but also makes the shooting more profitable.

Why Golf Is a Sport Essay Example for Free

Why Golf Is a Sport Essay A matter of opinion has separated a variety of sports enthusiasts apart, due to the ongoing debate of whether golf is a sport or simply a skill. Famed golfer Arnold Palmer declared, â€Å"Golf is deceptively simple and endlessly complicated; it satisfies the soul and frustrates the intellect. It is at the same time rewarding and maddening – and it is without a doubt the greatest game mankind has ever invented. (ThinkQuest. com)† These words state what every athlete experiences and feels when he/she is turning a double play, making the game winning three point shot, or throwing a hail mary pass for a touchdown. Golfers are athletes too, they train for that big moment just like any other athlete, but they do it individually and gain the glory for themselves. Golf has increasingly become known not as a sport, but as a skill, which is a huge misconception that I intend to set the facts straight. The definition of a sport is narrowly defined, and to one its own opinion, but Golf is a competition just like every other sport, winning is its pinnacle. Golf requires the number one characteristic that is vital to all sports – hand-eye coordination. These men and women use their athletic ability to reach the top of their game. Golf takes sports to a different level and is played on its own terms. To each his own opinion, but why has the definition of â€Å"a sport† being termed as so narrowly? The NCAA defines a sport as: An institutional activity involving physical exertion with the purpose of competition versus other teams or individuals within a collegiate competition structure. Furthermore, sport includes regularly scheduled team and/or individual, head-to-head competition (at least five) within a defined competitive season(s); and standardized rules with rating/scoring systems ratified by official regulatory agencies and governing bodies. Baseball, basketball, football, hockey, and even golf display these qualities of what is defined as a sport. There has been a considerable amount of people who tend to disclose golf as a sport, only a skill or activity. Yet, many people object the physical exertion aspect with golf, that it does not require any. These objectors who say golf should not be included in that defined group are ignorant to athletics and its regulations. My definition of a sport is a competition that involves athletes who play to win within a certain structure of rules and regulations. Anyone can be an athlete; they do not have to be good to play a sport, as long as they try with some effort. A sport requires certain qualities of an individual too that it can not be without. Hand-eye coordination is vital to every sport out there. A basketball player has to shoot the ball into the hoop, a football player has to throw the ball to an open receiver, a baseball player has to swing a bat to hit a 95 mile per hour fastball, and golfers have to swing their club and hit a tiny ball a couple hundred yards. It is the number one aspect that is required in all sports. Although it is common to associate sports with many other qualities. The â€Å"manly† qualities of other sports such as cheerleaders and fights usually are not included in golf, some figure because it is missing these qualities, that it should not even be considered a sport. â€Å"Cheerleaders are important to sports. They keep the crowd excited; they keep the participants enthused about winning; and they give you something else to look at when the action on the field of play grinds to a halt. With golf theres not a lot of action to begin with. (Irvin)† Although golf is missing the appendages that invigorate other sports with such audacity, the onlookers respect their golfers need for silence and concentration. It is a sport which requires a massive amount of concentration, just like any other sport. Irvin states his idea that cheerleaders are important to sports, when in fact; cheerleading has nothing to do at all with the style of play. He is right that they keep the crowd excited, but that is the only reason why they are there, they do not play, they yell and dance. It makes me wonder why one would think that Golf needs to have cheerleaders to keep the crowd excited when the golfers need a massive amount of concentration. Yet regular sports fans forget that each sport is different, and that is what makes them stand out and appeal to others. Golf does not appeal to some, but a lot of people play the sport religiously, reason being – one does not have to be the typical in shape athlete that most are. Golfers are athletes too, and train to be good ones. Swinging a club and hitting a ball three hundred plus yards requires muscle strength in the torso and upper body. Golfers are just the kind of athletes who do not need to negotiate long-term big money contracts, and scratch themselves while being interviewed after play is over (Lowe). Golf is not a team sport either; it is an individual sport and the glory is captured for them, and they take pride and honor after an amazing feat as any athlete would. The honor and competitiveness of this sport has trickled down to the much supportive fan base. After exposing the truths and presenting evidence about one of the greatest sports ever to be played, we can no longer dispute golf as just a skill or activity, but declare Golf a real sport. It is important to sports enthusiasts everywhere that they have to look beyond the typical definition of a sport and expand their minds. Golfers are athletes too, playing for the top prize every time they step onto the course. Golf is gaining popularity by the second, no longer can it be said to be â€Å"not a real sport†. Golf justifies what every sport should be, the way it is played, the professional maturity that every golfer shows, and competition. Merriam Webster defines a sport as 1): physical activity engaged in for pleasure (2): a particular activity (as an athletic game) so engaged in. Golf qualifies as a sport according to this definition and until it is changed, it will remain one of the legendary sports to play.

Victorian Society in The Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde Essay Example for Free

Victorian Society in The Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde Essay The Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde is a Horror story written by Robert Louis Stevenson. The novella explores the divided nature of human personality and Victorian society by telling the story of a respectable gentleman named Dr Jekyll, who devolves into a beast by the name of Mr Hyde. The dominant theme of the novella is the theme of the double. Stevenson explores this in many different ways throughout the novella. Some of the characters in the book turn out to be very different from what they at first appear to be. For instance, Gabriel Utterson has a very rough countenance and looks quite ugly but he is a very nice, respectable gentleman of the novella and he is also a lawyer that helps down-going men. Also, Dr Jekyll, one of the main characters of the book, is very different from what he appeared to be. He becomes the most hideous character of the novella, Mr Hyde. The first time we encounter Mr Hyde, is during Enfields terrible sight of a little girl being trampled over. Stevenson conveys how dark the streets are by focusing on the lamps which can be seen onstreet after street. Stevenson also draws our attention to the emptiness of the streets, emphasising this by using the simile all as empty as a church. Stevenson builds up a sense of mounting fear by adding that Enfield is so frightened that he listens and listens and begins to long for the sight of a policeman. Stevenson uses the character of Mr Hyde because he is everything a monster is. He is the definition of a monster and his appearance is very easy to picture. Mr Hyde is often described using animal imagery. An example of this is when Mr Enfield witnesses first hand a terrible sight of a little girl being trampled over, for the man calmly trampled over the girls body. Elsewhere, in the novella, he is compared to a hissing snake, a snarling dog and an athletic monkey and this reinforces the idea that he is some way sub-human. It is also significant that Hyde is only ever seen in the shadow, darkness or fog because he represents the hidden and mysterious side of mans personality. Stevenson uses language in a way that reveals to us the characters insincerity or sincerity by the way they speak. In the novella, there are many different characters which use their language in different ways. For example, Dr Jekyll speaks in a very indirect, reserved and cagey way of speech. He proves this in chapter three, when he become quite angry and tries to dissuade Utterson from pursuing the topic of his will, You do not understand my position, and this shows that he is reserved and unwilling to express his emotions. Utterson is also reserved and indirect. However Mr Hyde speaks with short simple and direct words like What do you want, this shows that he is very straight-forward, direct and emotional because he is not afraid to show his emotions or tell people what he thinks. Mr Hyde does speak quite aggressively also, which reveals that he is open minded and doesnt think properly before speaking. He is honest and straight to the point because he doesnt mind to tell people his thoughts. In a strange way, then, the villain of the story is more honest than its hypocritical hero. Poole is the lower-classed disreputable character in the novella as he is Dr Jekylls butler. His use of language shows that he is willing to express his emotions. For example, he also uses short direct way of speech. Through the use of different types of speech, Stevenson seems to suggest that the more respectable and self-restrained the person the more insincere and emotionally dishonest they are. In his exploration of the divided personality, Stevenson draws our attention to the divided nature of London in the 1880s. Throughout the novella, we are aware of the fact that the main respectable characters such as Utterson, Enfield, Lanyon and Jekyll all live in and around Cavendish Square. They live in that citadel of medicine, in ancient, handsome houses, which have a great air of wealth and comfort. However, we learn that the shadowy character, Edward Hyde, lives in the less respectable part of London, Soho. We also learn that he lives on a dingy street in villainous, blackguardly Surroundings. Stevenson, then, by connecting Cavendish Square with Soho, connects the rich characters in the book to the poor ones. Towards the end of the Nineteenth century, Soho was one of the least respectable areas of London. Soho was the kind of area where you would find crowded, shabby streets, people of all different nationalities, cheap eating houses, music halls, brothels or criminals making crooked deals. By connecting these two areas, Stevenson seems to be saying that the two are actually inseparable, that the rich cannot exist without the poor, that Jekyll cannot exist without Hyde. The reason that Mr Hyde who lives in Soho is in the novella at the time of dark is to show that his personality is a dark person inside. However, Jekyll and the others that live in and around Cavendish Square are in the novella at the time of light because they are bright characters who appear to be wholly good and removed from evil. Victorian society was highly moralistic and encouraged respectable gentleman to keep their private lives carefully hidden away. Stevenson makes this point by including numerous symbols of privacy and secrecy throughout the novella. For instance, Dr Jekylls laboratory is at the back of his houses which showed no window. This suggests that Dr Jekyll does not want people to know what he does in his own time because the simple reason that Victorian society was too highly moralistic. This kind of secrecy carries on through the novella with other characters as well. For example, Mr Utterson receives a package from Dr Lanyon which he examined in his office. Before opening the package he locks the door of his own office which shows that Utterson is very secretive about his business and does not want to be associated with down going men. The package was then put in a safe so that no one could have seen it. Taken as a whole, these symbols of secrecy reinforce the idea that Victorian gentlemen were compelled to keep their private lives hidden away. I think that the themes of the novel are not relevant now because the society is not so strict and people dont have to cover up their different types of living or their utmost desires.

Jump Shot In Handball

Jump Shot In Handball The jump shot is one of the most important elements of handball as in the game, motor behavior are performed in specific conditions with the presence of players of the opposing team and while adhering to the regulations. However which areas can be controlled and are used to make the handball action more efficient? Thus we will look into the jump shot in which handball is analyzed in its different phases to find out its efficiency. The goals of the run, jump, shoot are ball velocity and accuracy. Maximum ball velocity and precision is required to minimize the chance of the opponent or goal keeper intercepting the shot. In team handball, shooting to score goals is one of the most important aspects of the game. In order for a shot to be successful, it must have maximum ball velocity and precision for an element of surprise for the goalkeeper (Wagner Muller, 2008). Wagner, Buchecker, Duvillard, and Mulller (2010) state that 67% of ball velocity at ball release was explained by the summation effects from the velocity of elbow extension and internal rotation of the shoulder. Thus we divide them into Approach, Take-off, Shoot, Land. Logically speaking, the faster the ball is thrown at the goal the goalkeeper will have a lesser time to save the shot. In order for a throw to be successful, the highest velocity at ball release together with aiming accuracy is required therefore during the game, thus the athlete has to keep up with the optimal efficiency of these two factors (Zapartidis, Gouvali, Bayios, Boudolos, 2007). Accuracy is something defined as variable. We didnt want to make it become a close-system where the subject keeps hitting at the same spot. Thus in the analyzing performance stage, we came out with a table to judge the subject throwing effectiveness in performing the skill. Zapartidis, Toganidis, Vareltzis, Christodoulidis, Kororos, and Skoufas (2009) reported that players during the game are notably affected by time as aiming accuracy or ball velocity gradually decrease. In all sports tasks, most coaches apply eight biomechanical principles when analyzing their athletes (Bartlett, 2007). These eight principles can be separated into two broad categories. The 3 basic universal principles; use of the stretch-shortening cycle, minimization of energy used, control degrees of freedom. The other 5 general principles; sequential action of muscles, minimization of inertia, impulse generation, maximizing the acceleration path, stability. These apply to sports tasks which are usually used by speed generation. However not all of the principles can be used to apply in every sport. For example, the stability is a one of the biomechanical principle which is applicable to sumo wrestling. Whereas it is not applicable in the game of handball, as there is a lesser emphasis on having a wide base of support for stability when preparing for a shot (Knudson, 2007). In handball, the biomechanical principles that can be applied are use of the stretch-shortening cycle, minimization of energy used, control degrees of freedom, sequential action of muscles, minimization of inertia, impulse generation and maximizing the acceleration path. The recruitment of each part of the body is important by allowing the development of maximal velocity of these parts. This begins from the proximal parts then to the distal parts of the body. The larger proximal joint starts the action by accelerating, thus a transfer of momentum results in a high velocity to the smaller distal joints. Each segments of the kinetic chain is linked to the stoppage of the proximal part results in the increase of angular velocity (Pori, Bon, Sibila, 2005). When performing the shot, certain physiological characteristics are taken into considerations. Therefore, at least for some muscular groups there should be the shortest possible time between extension and contraction for muscles involved in this phase (Pori et al., 2005). Pori et al. (2005) concluded that better players make use of extensors in the wrist better than worse players. Components of Skill 1. Approach (Run-up) Physique We assume there will be significant differences to the speed of ball release in our goal of skill regarding to body height and body weight between handball players of different performance levels (Hasan, Reilly, Cable, Ramadan, 2007). Are tall athletes better than shorter ones? Thus we have physique. Taller handball players with greater body weight have the ability to achieve a higher ball release speed (Wagner et al., 2010). Maximizing acceleration path is a critical factor Using the work-energy relationship which shows that a moving object is equals to work done. This is important for the handballer maximizing use of the run-up which to apply force (Bartlett, 2007). Using the formula: Velocity/Time Acceleration for an increase in velocity, acceleration also increases. 2. Take-off Contact Maximize force generation is a critical factor This is where the Angle, Speed, Height of Jump comes. Further increase in speed at take-off is required by generating more impulse just at take-off. Using the impulse-momentum relationship where change of momentum, I=Ft, increased in I= increased Force exerted on the ground multiply by increased Time of force. From an increased in F we have F=Mass of the athlete multiply by increasing Acceleration of the athlete. This movement requires being fast and powerful at take-off. 4. Shoot Sequence of trunk joint and muscle group in throw Ball velocity at ball release was explained by the summation effects from order of the proximal parts to the distal parts of the body (Wagner et al., 2010). High release point is a critical factor A high elbow release point needed to generate much velocity. The time of the take-off contact would point to fast and elastic strength of the subject and indirectly affect the height of a throw and ball velocity. 5. Land Contact with the ground is a critical factor Decreased force over a period of time by bending knees when landing to reduce the mean impact force which also can prevent further injury. Deterministic Model Run, Jump, Shoot Figure 1 Important considerations for videotaping the skill The points below have been well thought-out to minimize errors recorded during two-dimensional filming, thus improving the accuracy of all data (Bartlett, 2007). Perspective and parallax errors were paid carefully attention to. 1) Position of camera The camera is mounted on a fixed tripod, on a level ground and aiming at the subject. The camera is positioned as far away from the action in order to reduce perspective error. The field of view (FOV) is adjusted to match with the performance of the subjects which as is recorded. As this take advantage of the performer on the projected image and increases the accuracy of digitizing. Once the FOV is in place and it is kept constant at all time. The camera is placed perpendicular to capture the movement of the subjects, horizontal scale of 7m and vertical reference from the goal post. The set-up is shown below, Figure 2. Figure 2 A line was marked out 7 meters from the goalpost and subject use the take off area as point of jump. The camera was place 10 meters perpendicular to the take off area. 2) Lighting Filming is done outdoors, a location with a dull and non-reflective background was use to allow the athlete and the ball to standout. This will make it easier to assess the movement patterns and biomechanics of the jump shot. In contrast, if the background or backdrop was to be too bright, the athlete would be hard to spot. 3) Background The background is as neat as possible, simple and non-reflective as it provides a good contrast which allows the viewing and estimating of the axes of rotation from the subjects anatomical landmarks. 4) Shutter Speed A shutter speed of 1/2000 was selected as this shutter speed would allow for slow motion playback and ease the motion analysis process. Using a lower shutter speed would cause blurriness when the video is playback, while a higher shutter speed comes with a decrease in image quality, thus making analysis impossible. 5) Subject Preparation The recording of the movement is as unpretentious as possible. The subject is briefed that he is performing in front of a camera in an experimental perspective and had little clothing to minimize errors in locating body landmarks. A verbal consent is obtained from the athlete participating in the analysis. The subject was told to throw the ball as fast as possible into the net for the initial 4 shots. After which, he was given coaching cues to correct his technique and delivery of the skill. Results of the Videotaping Session The male subject is a national basketball player who trains 5 times a week (Height-189 cm; body mass 82kg; age 24 years old). He does not have prior experience to playing handball therefore is a suitable candidate. In order to evaluate the over arm throwing performance, according to the International Handball Federation, (IHF), rules of the game a standard handball was used: (Circumference 58-60cm and Weight 425-475g, IHF Size 3, for Men and Male Youth (over age 16). The subject was told to throw as fast as possible; no coaching cues were given for the first 4 shots. Therefore we came up an evaluation of the quality of the execution skill for the subject in Table 3. Table 3 Mark Run-up Take-Off Shoot Land 3 Optimal speed of stride and synchronized lowering of CG, Execution is smooth, in cadenced Planting of takeoff leg accurately, take-off is vertical, explosiveness The elbow is high and moving along height of the head, correct use of sequential muscle groups into the throw, explosive finishing Land on take-off leg or on both legs simultaneously with knees bend 2 Fairly too short or too long stride, Execution still fluent, in cadenced Placement of takeoff leg rather far from the goal, take-off going a little too forward The elbow still moving low, technique of execution better Average execution, with slight unbalance 1 Lack of speed, hasty lowering of CG, not in cadenced, poor execution, execution is poor Placement of takeoff leg is too far from the goal, take-off oriented too forward, lack of explosiveness Placement of takeoff leg is significantly away from the goal, take-off directed markedly forward Land on non-take- off leg, poor execution Legend: CG centre of gravity; Mark: 1 Poor, 2 Average, 3 Good As for the first 4 jumps shots, the subject attainted 10.6  ± 0.2 m/sec for the ball velocity at release. The following are the results of the first 4 jump shots, Table 4. Table 4 Attempt Run-up Take-Off Shoot Land Total Score 1 2 1 1 1 5 2 1 2 1 2 6 3 2 1 2 1 6 4 2 1 3 1 7 Attempts to give too many cues to the subject will paralyze the subject. After letting him explore the jump shot on the initial 4 shots, this time the subject was then told to aim for the top right hand corner of the goalpost, using the jump shot technique. We gave him coaching cues to correct his technique starting from the run-up phrase, take-off, shoot and then leading to landing phrase, Table 5. Table 5 Critical Features Coaching Cues Run-up Take a long third step Take-off Explosiveness-gain vertical height Optimize height of release Release at the top Angle of release Draw a semi circle Summation of forces Smooth-jump and shoot Rotation of ball Flip wrist Land Bend knees The following are the results of the jump shots with coaching cues given to him in Table 6. The subject attainted an improved 12.6  ± 0.4 m/sec for the ball velocity at release. Table 6 Attempt Run-up Take-Off Shoot Land Total Score 5 2 2 3 1 8 6 3 3 2 2 10 7 2 3 2 2 9 8 3 3 3 3 12 Qualitatively analysis Evaluation of performance After taking the video for the running jump shot, we compare it to a elite athlete jump shot. There are a few features which are important in the sequence, the run up (3 steps), the jump and the throw. The run up The 3 steps run up will provide the athlete impulse for the jump shot. As impulse = change in momentum (Blazevich, 2007). F.t = m.v m.u Momentum is the quantity of motion possessed by the body. Therefore a run up is important in this aspect. After assessment, we found out that the subject did a 1 step run up which did not create enough impulse. Therefore the rating is poor -good for the run up Critical Features Rating The run up Poor 1 step run up The jump The height of the jump is determined by a few factors, the weight of the athlete and the acceleration. F = ma The reason for the bending of the knees for a higher jump is that the time it takes for the athletes to leave the floor (Muller, 2009). v = u + at Vavg = s/t Presume the jump height is the same, the less time, he takes to jump the same distance, the more velocity the person create, the higher the person will go. By contracting the quadriceps, will stretch the tendon, by doing this, it is possible to jump higher. The assessment for the subject is poor-good as he did not bend his knee, and straighten his leg after that. Critical Feature Rating Bend Knees Poor-Good Straighten leg Poor Bend Knee? Straighten leg? The throw The speed of the throw is determined by the speed difference and the time it take for the ball to leave the hand. It is similar to the theory of the jump, where the more distance and less time you take the faster the ball will travel. The difference is that there is a twist to the body; therefore there is an angular motion to it. ÃŽÂ ±= (à Ã¢â‚¬ °f à Ã¢â‚¬ °f)/t à Ã¢â‚¬ ° = Ó ¨/t Since the mass of the ball is the constant. The only factor that can influence the amount of force being exacted on it is acceleration. T = I ÃŽÂ ± (angular) Critical Features Rating The pull back Poor Good The follow through Poor Good Pull back? Follow through Correcting the performance The whole sequence of the running throw will be broken to parts to teach the subject. Critical Features Rating Picture Remarks / Strategies Coaching Cues The run up Poor The run up will be done in 3 steps, the subject will attempt to take 3 wide steps to gain speed. Wide Step; More Force Bend Knees Poor Good The subject will jump on the spot, with the knees bend before the jump. Squat more Straighten leg Poor The subject will jump and straighten the leg to gain more height. Explode; Stretch The pull back Poor Good The subject will try to shoot with the jump. By pulling the arm further back. Arc back; Roll Shoulder The follow through Poor Good With the pull back, the subject will attempt the follow through with the same action. Follow through; Swing arm Discussion There are mainly two factors in shooting technique of handball, the first is speed ball velocity of shoot, and the second factor is that no clear prediction of direction to shoot for goal keeper. This approach gives a good evaluation on the kinematic structure in analyzing handball. Thus, this model can be used in detecting the efficiency of the jump shot. An examination of individuals information and its comparison with the model allow us to identify weakness in the execution of jump shot. The use of biomechanical analysis maybe helpful in correcting or perfecting techniques, however the efficiency of the player in a game does not depend solely on performing a perfect kinematics structure during an isolated testing environment.